Rupinder N

The chosen best answer is that of Sreyash. Do read through each of the answers as every answer has a piece of information to offer. For Benchmark Expert view, please read Venugopal's answer.

You want output Y to improve and are looking for X that influences Y. Share examples when the outcome of a hypothesis test indicates statistical significance with respect to impact of X on Y but does not warrant a change in X

The most common use of Attribute Agreement Analysis (AAA) is in evaluation of agreements in quality checks. In what other situations can you use AAA to your benefit?

Assuming that you have a data set that follows normal distribution, give examples of how you could use probability distribution to make predictions for the outcome of some business processes.

Q. 156 Activity-based costing (ABC) is a way of accounting which identifies and assigns costs to overhead activities. These costs are in turn assigned to products. Cite examples where using such a way of accounting has clear advantages and cite examples where using this method creates complications. Note for website visitors - Two questions are asked every week on this platform. One on Tuesday and the other on Friday. All questions so far can be seen here - https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/lean-six-sigma-business-excellence-questions/ Please visit the forum home page at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/ to respond to the latest question open till the next Tuesday/ Friday evening as per Indian Standard Time. The best answer is always shown at the top among responses and the author finds honorable mention in our Business Excellence dictionary at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/business-excellence-dictionary-glossary/ along with the related term.

Please refer to the Benchmark Expert view to get a clear picture of usage of Central Limit Theorem.

It is necessary to have secondary metrics when we drive Six Sigma projects so that we are not solving one problem and creating another. In other words, we wouldn't be solving problems but they would just be changing shape. There could be several examples where the project fails despite improvement in the primary metric. Let's see a few here - 1. Customer Satisfaction increases but handling time increases 2. Order to ship time decreases but wrong deliveries increase 3. Order processing time of a certain component decreases but field failures increase 4. First Call Resolution increases but Handle Time also increases 5. A hair color that starts lasting longer but more users report damaged hair 6. Oil paints that dry faster but the pigments fade away faster. Please read the expert view given by Venugopal.

Q. 155 Explain the practical application of Central Limit Theorem while collecting and analyzing data. Provide a few practical examples to support your responses. Note for website visitors - Two questions are asked every week on this platform. One on Tuesday and the other on Friday. All questions so far can be seen here - https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/lean-six-sigma-business-excellence-questions/ Please visit the forum home page at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/ to respond to the latest question open till the next Tuesday/ Friday evening as per Indian Standard Time. The best answer is always shown at the top among responses and the author finds honorable mention in our Business Excellence dictionary at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/business-excellence-dictionary-glossary/ along with the related term.

Please read the question and Benchmark's expert view to get a couple of examples. If you would like to contribute more examples, let us know!

There are no chosen best answers as the term Rapid Prototyping is not explained. Please refer to the expert view for details.

Manoj Kumar has provided the definition of a Chaku Chaku line and also mentioned its advantages over a fully automated line. Manoj's answer is the best answer. Read through the expert view to gain full understanding of Chaku Chaku set up.

Prashanth has answered the question in detail. It provides complete understanding of the factors impacting the sample size while comparing the average of a population with an external standard. Great job!

Q. 151 Explain the key features of a Chaku Chaku production line as per Lean Management Systems. Are there any specific situations where using a Chaku Chaku system is better than using a fully automated line?  Note for website visitors - Two questions are asked every week on this platform. One on Tuesday and the other on Friday. All questions so far can be seen here - https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/lean-six-sigma-business-excellence-questions/ Please visit the forum home page at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/ to respond to the latest question open till the next Tuesday/ Friday evening as per Indian Standard Time. The best answer is always shown at the top among responses and the author finds honorable mention in our Business Excellence dictionary at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/business-excellence-dictionary-glossary/ along with the related term.

NPV is a financial calculation that helps convert all future cash inflows into today's value given the time value of money (keeping in mind that the value of money depreciates with time). This conversion allows for an apples to apples comparison between cash flow today and over the coming years and hence do a net profit calculation. This calculation is one way of ascertaining if there is a merit in taking a project up or not. Vastupal's answer is the chosen best answer for the level of detail. Read Benchmark expert view given by Venugopal R.

TAKT Time helps is set the rate of production to continue meeting the customer's demand in a timely fashion. Both the answers have correctly mentioned what it means when the production rate is higher or lower than required. The chosen best answer is that Vastupal as he has provided multiple examples.

The winner for the day is Prashanth Datta as that is the only answer providing critical evaluation of the calculator. This, indeed, is the simplest form of the calculator. More details also mean more complexity - one can choose the level of detail that works the best for their product and organization.

The chosen best answer is that of Kiran Kumar for brevity and responding to all key points. For a detailed and complete version, read the Benchmark Expert View provided by Venugopal.

Vastupal has provided a good explanation with an example and is the chosen best answer. Benchmark's expert view is provided by Venugopal. In addition to the number of inputs inflating R.Sq. and R.Sq (adj) being the check, another dimension to R.Sq. (adj) is the sample size. R Sq (adj) for similar models built on bigger sample sizes will usually be higher than R Sq (adj) for fewer samples.

The chosen best answer is that of Prashanth Datta for explaining how Sensitivity Analysis and Root Cause Analysis are connected. The example explains how sensitivity analysis can be used practically. All answers are correct; great work done by all.

Congratulations to all 4 respondents. You have hit the nail right on the head - one cannot expect absolute repeatability in continuous data because if which it is not a pre- requisite in Gage R&R. However, attribute data has responses which can be counted and categorized leading to absolute repeatability - there are no possible acceptable ranges unlike continuous data. The chosen best answer is that of Natwar Lal as he explains his point with an example. However, to point 1 in the answer - the name of the test is derived from what you are testing and not the other way around.

Every sample will give you some information. Wherever possible, change your measurement to variable (continuous) data rather than discrete (attribute). This will enable you to see the shape and form of data in a better manner and hence assess for capability improvement or the lack of it. When one uses continuous data, the risk associated with decision making comes down. Approach based on the objective can be selected carefully - one such approach has been mentioned by our expert Venugopal. Hypothesis testing with carefully selected inputs can also help with validation. For example, do we really need to know whether the breaking strength of a cable has gone up by 1g/sq cm or is it good enough to know that it has gone up by 1kg/sq cm - the latter will need fewer samples. Similarly, what are the values of alpha and beta that can be used to make a reasonable deduction - higher values of alpha and beta need lower samples.

The chosen best answer is that of Prashanth as it lists most often used control methods, though I would change the order slightly: As mentioned by Venugopal, risk studies such a FMEA are the starting point to instituting any controls. Of course, FMEA is also repeated at some frequency and that can be considered as a control, too. I would re-order the list as: 1. Mistake Proofing - Poke Yoke 2. Statistical Process Controls 3. Response and Reaction Plans - this assuming that the error is being detected and corrected before it becomes a defect. 4. Inspection and Audits 5. Process documentation 6. Process Ownership

The chosen best answer is that of Vastupal. Read Hari Shyam's answer for a very succinct overview of how a control plan can be developed.

The chosen best answer is that of R Rajesh for explaining the differences with relevant examples. For simple and effective, straight answer that hits home, read Hari Shyam's response.

Q. 135 Process and Project are terms used in the Business Improvement or Six Sigma world, while the term project is used in the Project Management realm. What are the key differences in a Project and a Process? Can the terms be used interchangeably? Give examples to support your answer. Note for website visitors - Two questions are asked every week on this platform. One on Tuesday and the other on Friday. All questions so far can be seen here - https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/lean-six-sigma-business-excellence-questions/ Please visit the forum home page at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/ to respond to the latest question open till the next Tuesday/ Friday evening as per Indian Standard Time. The best answer is always shown at the top among responses and the author finds honorable mention in our Business Excellence dictionary at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/business-excellence-dictionary-glossary/ along with the related term.