Mayank Gupta

Hi Akshay As I had mentioned in my previous comment, the calculation of sum and sumsq and using it to calculate the standard deviation is not right.

Hello Akshay I am not a coding expert in C#. However, looking at the code, I guess the issue is with the calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation. With reference to your code....could you please help me understand what is happening in the highlighted steps ****************** foreach (DataRow Row in dt.Rows) { Double delta = double.Parse(row["USL"].ToString()) - Double.Parse(row["LSL"].ToString()); sum += delta; sumsq += delta * delta; } double mean = sum / dt.Rows.Count; double stdev = Math.Sqrt(sumsq / dt.Rows.Count - mean * mean); ****************** Per my understanding, for each row in the table, you are first calculating Delta = USL - LSL and then updating 'sum' and 'sumsq'. Is it correct? If that's the case, then your mean and stdev calculations are incorrect and therefore you are getting incorrect Cp and Cpk values. And your formula for stdev also seems to be incorrect. Also, I looked at the CSV file. USL says 7.25 while LSL says 8. This seems to be incorrect. USL has to be higher than LSL. So you need to fix your inputs as well. Plus, you don't need to create the code for this calculation. You can refer to our Cp/Cpk calculator at the following link. Enter the values for mean, standard deviation, LSL and USL and you will get Cp and Cpk https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/calculators/process-capability-calculator/ Though you will not be able to upload a CSV file, but you can simply calculate the mean and stdev for Test column and enter the values in the ready to use calculator.

Q. 150 Using the Sample Size Calculator for 1 Sample T-Test at https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/calculators/sample-size-calculator-for-1-sample-t-test, highlight the factors which affect the sample size determination by using some examples.  Please remember, your answer will not be visible immediately on responding. It will be made visible at about 5 PM IST on 12th April 2019, Friday to all 53000+ members. It is okay to research various online sources to learn and formulate your answer but when you submit your answer, make sure that it does not have content that is copied from elsewhere. Plagiarized answers will not be approved. (and therefore will not be displayed)  All Questions so far can be seen here - https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/lean-six-sigma-business-excellence-questions/ All rewards are mentioned here - https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/excellence-rewards/

Hi Abhay A very interesting question. I will start off by stating that there is nothing specifically known as a MBB project. Usually the projects are classified into GB or BB (in some organizations you may find a YB project as well, which basically means a small improvement project which usually does not have any tangible benefits). The difference between GB and BB projects can best be understood by evaluating the project on following parameters The above differentiation is not something cast in stone. It is only indicative. Organizations with matured lean six sigma implementation have their own criteria for decisions Hope this helps.

Hi Dipali Lean Six Sigma training is one training that will help you in topics related to project management and quality improvements. Lean Six Sigma is independent of industry i.e. its tools and techniques can be applied in any industry (including plastics) for reducing defects. Hope this helps.

Hi Rowena Gage R&R is a tool used whenever the metric is continuous and this tool helps in determining the extent of measurement system variation in the overall observed variation. Typically the survey responses are not continuous. And, it will be difficult to check for repeatability and reproducibility in a survey response as we do not expect the same response from all customers. Generally, there are other methods to check for the correctness of the survey questions like the questions should not be leading, the questions should be relevant to the product / service being offered etc. Thank you

Hi Rahul Both HR and FCR could be CTQs. Project should be picked on the CTQ that is not meeting the target value. You could start the project on HR. And if FCR is an input to HR calculation, then you will have to improve FCR as well (as a part of the project) Hope this helps.

Prashanth has defined the EFQM business excellence model before comparing the RADAR cycle with DMAIC. And he ends it with a critical evaluation of its limitations as well, there by making it the best answer.

A thought provoking question which challenges conventinal wisdom. Best answer is provided by Prashanth Datta as he clearly highlights two situations where either the process or the inputs are below industry standard while the other helps achieve excellent results. Answers from Vastupal and Mathi are also good reads.

Hi Sarita A very important question which every Green Belt certified professional asks. The next course is Six Sigma Black Belt. you could also pursue Lean certifications.

Hi Shuriti Six Sigma Green Belt certification is a stepping stone for business excellence professional. Green belt certification will equip you with tools that will help you solve problems. Please refer to the below link to get more information https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/public-programs/lean-six-sigma-green-belt/

Hi Pushpaj Basis the details that you have provided, you seem to be on the right track. You should get the project charter signed off (if not already done). Complete the Define phase deliverables and then move on to the Measure phase. Follow the steps in each phase and you should get your answer on what tools you need to use.

BHAG - as the name suggests, is an audacious goal for an organization whereas goals should be SMART. BHAG differs from SMART in terms of A and R i.e. Achievable and Relevant. BHAG will be Specific so that it is understood by all in the organization, Measurable so that the organization can validate whether it has met it or not and Timebound (say in another 10 years). However, it might not seem to be Achievable to some, even though the organization strongly believes otherwise. At times, it might also be irrelevant simply because it is audacious or if it something that changes the industry landscape. Answer provided by Venugopal Sudheendra highlights these aspects in the answer and hence has been selected as the best answer.

This question makes certain known things obvious. We all know about process and their requirements. However, only a very few realize that some processes and requirements are 'Special'. The best answer to this question is provided by Manjeet Sachdeva for explaining the terms and also providing relevant examples.

Blockchain is the new technology kid on the block To understand what Blockchain is, let us understand its components 1. Encryption using cryptography: It is like lock and key. You lock the code using a particular combination. Anyone who knows the combination will be able to open the lock. This is how encryption works. In technical terms, it is called a key. There are two forms of keys - private and public. Private key is private while public key is the one which is available to all. In blockchain the public and private keys combine to form a Digital Signature. This provides strong control to the owner of the key 2. Distributed Network: Imagine two people doing a financial transaction using encryption. Only these two people will have the details of the transaction. In case of fraud or a dispute, there is no independent authority to decide who is right and who is wrong. In blockchain the details of the transactions are made visible to validators who are witness to the transaction. They approve and record the transaction using mathematical validations. The distributed network itself is the approving authority. Key details recorded in a block are the amount transacted, timestamp and the digital signature 3. Linking of the blocks: It is like building a chain. All the blocks in a chain are interconnected to each other using a cryptographic key. The linking of the blocks is done for safety requirements so that no one person can change the contents of the block. Even if a hacker wants to change the contents (in one block), he will have to make changes to all the following blocks, else the chain will break. The linking process is called mining, where unique cryptographic keys are identified to link the blocks. The unique cryptographic keys ensure that one block is not used again for another transaction thereby giving it a unique status Using the above three components, blockchain offers the following advantages 1. High level of security 2. Open and distributed network 3. Decentralization 4. Low maintenance cost 5. Round the clock availability Owing to the above benefits, blockchain is touted as the next BIG thing in banking and financial industry. Some of the common challenges which blockchain will address for banks are 1. Banks spend a lot of money in securing our transactions (but we still get to hear that some bank's databases were hacked) 2. Money transfer from one region to another is time consuming and involves a lot of middlemen (who charge a fees for their services). It is for this reason that money transfer is not free 3. Centralized server space for transaction data storage 4. Banking services are not available round the clock 5. Reconciliations to validate the numerous transactions taking place on a daily basis All leading banks (Bank of America, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase to name a few) across the globe are aggressively looking at using blockchain technology for their services and are also investing in new tech startups working on blockchain technology