Typically, SOP is utilized to document the end to end processing steps that have to be followed for manufacturing a product in the production environment / providing a service in the services industry. In essence, a SOP captures the 'As Is' process, list of processing steps, list of typical deviations and processing steps to be followed for such deviations etc. Depending on the product or service being offered, SOP may also contain additional details including list of front end / back end systems, regulatory requirements if any etc.
Although the purpose of SOP is to standardize the work, it does not stifle creativity because if there is a requirement to improve process performance or to enhance a product or service, then a DMAIC/DMADV/ LSS process improvement/process reengineering project can be undertaken to further improve or enhance the project/process. Post successful enhancement / development of new product, the revised processing steps can be recorded in the SOP. This procedure can be repeated as many times as required/deemed appropriate to develop a world class product / service.
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Lalit R