Vidhya Rathinavelu

A Way of Working (WoW) is a set of principles and practices that defines how an organization works. It defines the way people collaborate, communicate, and make decisions.A well-defined WoW can help organizations improve productivity, collaboration, overall performance and create a culture of continuous improvement by providing a framework for identifying and solving problems. Here are some ways that WoW can help create a culture of continuous improvement: It provides a framework of how work is done. It helps to identify and eliminate waste and inefficiency. It encourages cross functional collaboration and open communication. It supports the development of new ideas and innovation. It provides opportunities for training & development It ensures transparency and sets accountability To effectively implement WoW, organizations should focus on clear communication, training and coaching, and a commitment to ongoing improvement.

A top-down diagram is a visual representation of a process, with the high-level steps/general steps at the top and the lower-level/more specific steps below. Top-down diagrams are mostly used in the software industry to show the architecture. They may also be used to show the steps in a manufacturing process or the flow of data in a database. To use a top-down diagram in a DMAIC project, we have to start by identifying the problem we are trying to solve. Then, brainstorm all of the possible causes of the problem. Once you have a list of potential causes, we can use anothe top-down diagram to drill down further Once the root cause is identified, action plans can be determined to fix it. Please see the attached diagram for the top down flow. A top down chart is used to: * Identify the overall goal of the project. * Break down the goal into smaller, more manageable tasks. * Track the progress of the project. * Identify any potential problems or risks.

A probability plot is the graphical method for validating the distribution of data. It is a line plot of the data points against the theoretical values, which are the values of a cumulative distribution function, of a probability distribution. A probability plot can be used to assess the shape, location, Spread & outliers. It can also be used to compare the distributions of two or more sets of data. To create a probability plot, the data points are first arranged in ascending order. Then the cumulative distribution function is calculated and data is plotted. A well-fitting probability plot will have a straight line. If the data points are scattered around the line, then the distribution is not well-represented Some of the insights that we can get from a curve that deviates from a straight line are that, data: is not normally distributed. has outliers. may be skewed. Does not facilitate use of standard statistical methods to analyze the data. requires transformation or use non-parametric statistical methods. Regards Vidhya R

Multi vari chart is a graphical representation from which we cannot draw statistical inferences. It is used to identify the multiple sources of common cause variations. We can check variations across piece to piece, variation on single piece and time to time using a multi vari chart Piece to Piece helps identify variations within a part of the product/process When we want to compare two different process/product, piece to piece can be used. Time to time variation is used to compare the variations between the different times of production Interpreting the Multi Vari chart: Means for each factor must be referred and the interaction of one factor with the other and the impact on the other can be understood by the studying the trend line that passes through the mean.

The IS - IS not tool is a powerful problem solving tool used for identifying root causes by using a set of questions to identify the gap area. This analysis required detailing out the when, where, who, how and the extent of impact for a problem/concerns. It is a matrix where the above information are listed down and then against each of the input for the when, where, how, who and the imapct, it is determined if the particular factor "IS" impacting or "IS NOT" impacting. Once this is identified, if there is an "IS" impacting, then the factors that impact the problem/issue are isolated. This tool also helps in identifying patterns. For ex: If you are looking at errors and then you are using this IS-IS not analysis against each category of errors, the cause that you may arrive at may result in a pattern. Thus, this tool also helps in identifying the significant few.