Anurag Nayak

Provotype is a methodology to provoke the team to discuss more before implementing the design. According to lean the value adding activity is a activity that is done First time right(FTR). SO to do that we have to analyze all the possible failure points while brainstorming. Provoking helps us to analyze the detailed failure causes of a process of a product or a project in the analyze phase so while implementing the team will be aware of all possible causes of failure and the corrective actions.

Hammock Activity While doing the project chatter in a project management we have to map all the activities in a critical path method to know the project completion dates . Like Optimistic dates Pessimistic dates Most likely dates. So Hammock activities are grouping of the small activities that are float between the bigger activities. IT helps us to finalizing the CPM. As they are small tasks they have no fixed duration because there is a float between the tasks. So its completion dates are calculated on the bigger task start date and end date.

Project Premortem It is a Aspect of project management. It is a methodology of seeing project if it fails. It is generally done by project team before starting of a project assuming that the project will fail. It helps team to analyze the risk of failure and how to analyze them and corrective measures before implementation. It is like FMEA.

AEIOU is a methodology to capture important points during observation. It was developed by Rick E Robinson. It stands for A-Activities Activities are the tasks that done for the output. all the activities from input to out put are included in that. E-Environment Environment states that where the work has been taking place. The conditions of work place and equipment. I-Interaction-Interaction is the relation and co-ordination between the employees with each other and with the environment machines. O-Objective It defines that what is the goal for which we are giving our input. U-Users Users are the employees who are involved in the process.

BOSCARD is a tool to define a project. It is a similar topic like project chatter. It includes project definition/Assumptions/constraints/objectives/scope/goal. It is first derived by cap Gemini. B-Back ground O-Objective S-Scope C-Constraints A-Assumptions R-Risks D-Deliverables It is a very useful tool to get the details for the new project.

The 80/20 rule or Pareto principle was named after velfredo perato . That principle states that 80% of problems are caused by 20% of Cause. That means for each and every problem 80% losses are due to 20% of reason. Ex-80% of the business are due to 20% of the client. This principle helps us to find the critical X for Out put. By using perato principle we can find the critical root causes to work on for improvement and improve the bottle necks. Example In a manufacturing industry the total breakdown is of 40h By doing the 80/20 analysis we came to see that only 2 reason that is 22% of total are having 80% of the breakdown time of total time.

R-Square-it determines how well the data fits in the regression model. it determines the % of variation between the dependent variable with independent variable. R-Square adjusted-It is same as Rsquare,but it is used when the predictors are more. When new/more predictors are there then R-squared adjusted gives the data of relation between all the dependent variables with independent variable. It depend upon dependent variable . If the dependent variable is high then R-Squared adj will be high. R-squared predicted-It is a cross validation. It is inversely proportional to dependent variable. If the dependent variable will increase then R-squared predicted will decrease.

RPN-It stands for risk priority number. It is a aspect of FMEA-Failure mode effect analysis. FMEA- it is the way to analyze the failure mode of a process before implementing to make the process FTR(first time right) What can go wrong Why it will go wrong How bad it will go wrong It is denoted by 3 aspects. Severity-How bad is the effect Occurrence -Frequency Detection- RPN-Severity*Occurrence*Detection RPN table formact Process/potential failure mode/Failure effect/Severity/cause of failure/Occurrence/Current process control/Detection/RPN With RPN no we can have a prior view of new process and we can put control points to make process error/failure free.

correlation coefficient -its is a way of verifying the relation between 2 variables. It can be best described by regression analysis They are 3 types. 1-Positive co-relation 2-Negative co-relation 3- Linear co-relation Positive co-relation 0 to +1 1 means strong positive co-relation we can find the co-relation line directing NE in the graph. Negative co-relation -1 to 0 -1 means strong negative relation we can find the co-relation line directing NW in the graph Formula 0 means Linear co-rrelation or poor co-relation. Coefficient of correlation= co efficient of variance(variables)/Product of standard deviation of variables.

control limits are the way of looking how the process is performing. weather the process variation is within the control limit or not. ucl-upper control limit-this is the max variation from centerline a process can go. lcl-lower control limit-This is the lowest variation a from centerline a process can go. If any point of time the process goes beyond ucl or below lcl the process is consider to be unstable.